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Parables

A story first, then what it means.

The Sages’ parables, each with its explanation: the mashal and the nimshal, word for word.
parables
649
books they come from
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themes
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Word for word, with each translator named. Texts from Sefaria.

Jerusalem Talmud and Tosefta101 / 649

When Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Ada, the nephew of Bar Qappara, died did Resh Laqish accept for him since he was his teacher and a student is beloved as a son. He went and eulogized him: (Song of Songs 6:2) “My friend descended to his garden, to the spice patch, to shepherd in the gardens.” It would have been necessary only to say “ “My friend descended to shepherd in the gardens.” But “my friend” is the Holy One, praise to Him. “He descended to His garden”, that is the world. “To the spice patch”, that is Israel. “To shepherd in the gardens”, these are the peoples of the world. “And to collect lilies”, these are the just ones whom He removes from their midst. They gave a parable, to what can this be compared? To a king who had a son whom he loved very much. What did the king do? He planted a garden for him. When the son did the will of his father, the father searched in the entire world for a nice plant and planted it in his garden. When the son was making him angry, he cut down all his plants.

כַּד דָּמַךְ רִבִּי חִיָיא בַּר אָדָא בַּר אַחְתֵּיהּ דְּבַר קַפָּרָא קִבֵּיל רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ עִילוֹי דַּהֲוָה רַבֵּיהּ נֵימָא תַלְמִידֵיהּ דְּבַר נַשָּׁא חָבִיב עֲלֵיהּ כִּבְרֵיהּ עָאַל וְאִיפְטַר עִילוֹי דּוֹדִי יָרַד לְגַנּוֹ לַעֲרוּגֹת הַבּוֹשֶׂם לִרְעוֹת בַּגַּנִּים. לֹא צוּרְכָה אֶלָּא דּוֹדִי יָרַד לְגַנּוֹ לִרְעוֹת בַּגַּנִּים. דוֹדִי זֶה הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא. יַָרַד לְגַנּוֹ זֶה הָעוֹלָם. לַעֲרוּגֹת הַבּוֹשֶׂם אֵילּוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל. לִרְעוֹת בַּגַּנִּים אֵילּוּ אוּמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם. וְלִלְקוֹט בַּשׁוֹשַׁנִּים אֵילּוּ הַצַּדִּיקִים שֶׁמְּסַלְּקָן מִבֵּינֵיהֶן. מָשְׁלוּ מָשָׁל לְמַה הַדָּבָר דּוֹמֶה לְמֶלֶךְ שֶׁהָיָה לוֹ בֵן וְהָיָה חָבִיב עָלָיו יוֹתֵר מִדַּאי. מַה עָשָׂה הַמֶּלֶךְ נָטַע לוֹ פַּרְדֵּס. בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁהָיָה הַבֵּן עוֹשֶׂה רְצוֹנוֹ שֶׁל אָבִיו הָיָה מְחַזֵּר בְּכָל הָעוֹלָם כּוּלּוֹ וְרוֹאֶה אֵי זוֹ נְטִיעָה יָפָה בָעוֹלָם וְנוֹטְעָהּ בְּתוֹךְ פַּרְדֵּיסוֹ. וּבְשָׁעָה שֶׁהָיָה מַכְעִיסוֹ הָיָה מְקַצֵּץ כָּל נְטִיעוֹתָיו. כַּךְ בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁיִּשְׂרָאֵל עוֹשִׂין רְצוֹנוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מְחַזֵּר בְּכָל הָעוֹלָם כּוּלּוֹ וְרוֹאֶה אֵי זֶה צַדִּיק בְּאוּמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם וּמֵבִיאוֹ וּמְדַבְּקוֹ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל. כְּגוֹן יִתְרוֹ וְרָחָב. וּבְשָׁעָה שֶׁהֵן מַכְעִיסִין אוֹתוֹ הָיָה מְסַלֵּק הַצַּדִּיקִים שֶׁבֵּינֵיהֶן.

Jerusalem Talmud Berakhot 2:8:4 · The Jerusalem Talmud, translation and commentary by Heinrich W. Guggenheimer. Berlin, De Gruyter, 1999-2015

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