Mishnah Tevul Yom

הַמְכַנֵּס חַלּוֹת עַל מְנָת לְהַפְרִישׁ, וְנָשְׁכוּ, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, חִבּוּר בִּטְבוּל יוֹם. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, אֵינוֹ חִבּוּר. מִקְרָצוֹת נוֹשְׁכוֹת זוֹ בָזוֹ, וְכִכָּרוֹת נוֹשְׁכוֹת זוֹ בָזוֹ, הָאוֹפֶה חֲמִיטָה עַל גַּבֵּי חֲמִיטָה עַד שֶׁלֹּא קָרְמוּ בַתַּנּוּר, וְקוֹלִית שֶׁל מַיִם הַמְחֻלְחֶלֶת, וּרְתִיחַת גְּרִיסִין שֶׁל פּוֹל רִאשׁוֹנָה, וּרְתִיחַת יַיִן חָדָשׁ, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אַף שֶׁל אֹרֶז, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, חִבּוּר בִּטְבוּל יוֹם. בֵּית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, אֵינוֹ חִבּוּר. וּמוֹדִים בִּשְׁאָר כָּל הַטֻּמְאוֹת, בֵּין קַלּוֹת בֵּין חֲמוּרוֹת:

If one had collected hallah [portions] with the intention of keeping them separate, but in the meantime they had become stuck together: Bet Shammai say: they are connected in the case of a tevul yom. But Bet Hillel say: they are not connected. Pieces of dough [of terumah] that had become stuck together, Or loaves that had become joined, or one who bakes a batter-cake on top of another batter-cake before it could form a crust in the oven, or the froth on the water that was bubbling, or the first scum that rises when boiling groats of beans, or the scum of new wine (r. Judah says: also that of rice): Bet Shammai say: they are connected in the case of a tevul yom. But Bet Hillel say: they are not connected. They agree [that they serve as connectives] if they come into contact with other kinds of uncleanness, whether they be of minor or major grades.

Mishnah Tevul Yom 1:1 · Mishnah Yomit by Dr. Joshua Kulp

הַמְכַנֵּס חַלּוֹת עַל מְנָת שֶׁלֹּא לְהַפְרִישׁ, הָאוֹפֶה חֲמִיטָה עַל גַּבֵּי חֲמִיטָה מִשֶּׁקָּרְמוּ בַתַּנּוּר, וְקוֹלִית שֶׁל מַיִם שֶׁאֵינָהּ מְחֻלְחֶלֶת, וּרְתִיחַת גְּרִיסִין שֶׁל פּוֹל שְׁנִיָּה, וּרְתִיחַת יַיִן יָשָׁן, וְשֶׁל שֶׁמֶן לְעוֹלָם, וְשֶׁל עֲדָשִׁים, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אַף שֶׁל טֹפַח, טְמֵאִים בִּטְבוּל יוֹם, וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר בְּכָל הַטֻּמְאוֹת:

If one had collected pieces of hallah without the intention of separating them afterwards, or a batter-cake that had been baked on another after a crust had formed in the oven, or froth had appeared in the water prior to its bubbling up, or the second scum that appeared in the boiling of groats of beans, or the scum of old wine, or that of oil of all kinds, or of lentils, Rabbi Judah says: also that of beans; All these are defiled when touched by a tevul yom. And there is no need to say, [this is the case if touched] by other sources of uncleanness.

Mishnah Tevul Yom 1:2 · Mishnah Yomit by Dr. Joshua Kulp

הַשְּׂעֹרָה וְהַכֻּסֶּמֶת בִּזְמַן שֶׁאֵינָן קְלוּפִים, הַתִּיאָה וְהַחִלְתִּית וְהָאֲלוּם, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אַף אֲפוּנִים שְׁחוֹרִים, טְהוֹרִים בְּאַב הַטֻּמְאָה, וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר בִּטְבוּל יוֹם, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, טְהוֹרִים בִּטְבוּל יוֹם, וּטְמֵאִים בְּכָל הַטֻּמְאוֹת. הַשְּׂעֹרָה וְהַכֻּסֶּמֶת בִּזְמַן שֶׁהֵן קְלוּפִים, וְהַחִטָּה בֵּין שֶׁהִיא קְלוּפָה בֵּין שֶׁאֵינָהּ קְלוּפָה, הַקֶּצַח, וְהַשֻּׁמְשׁוֹם, וְהַפִּלְפֵּל, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אַף אֲפוּנִים לְבָנִים, טְמֵאִים בִּטְבוּל יוֹם, וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר בְּכָל הַטֻּמְאוֹת:

Unshelled barley or spelt, root of crowfoot, asafoetida, silphium--Rabbi Judah says: even black beans remain clean even [when coming into contact] with a ‘father of uncleanness’, and there is no need to say [if touched] by a tevul yom, the words of Rabbi Meir. But the sages say: they are clean if touched by a tevul yom, but unclean [when touched] by other sources of impurity. Shelled barley or spelt, or wheat whether shelled or unshelled, or black cumin, or sesame or pepper Rabbi Judah says: also white beans become unclean even when touched by a tevul yom, and there is no need to say [when they have come into contact] with other sources of impurity.

Mishnah Tevul Yom 1:5 · Mishnah Yomit by Dr. Joshua Kulp

הַמִּקְפָּה שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה וְהַשּׁוּם וְהַשֶּׁמֶן שֶׁל חֻלִּין, שֶׁנָּגַע טְבוּל יוֹם בְּמִקְצָתָן, פָּסַל אֶת כֻּלָּם. הַמִּקְפָּה שֶׁל חֻלִּין וְהַשּׁוּם וְהַשֶּׁמֶן שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה, שֶׁנָּגַע טְבוּל יוֹם בְּמִקְצָתָן, לֹא פָסַל אֶלָּא מְקוֹם מַגָּעוֹ. וְאִם הָיָה הַשּׁוּם מְרֻבֶּה, הוֹלְכִין אַחַר הָרֹב. אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה, אֵימָתַי, בִּזְמַן שֶׁהֵן גּוּשׁ בַּקְּעָרָה. אֲבָל אִם הָיָה מְפֻזָּר בַּמְּדוֹכָה, טָהוֹר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא רוֹצֶה בְּפִזּוּרוֹ. וּשְׁאָר כָּל הַנִּדּוֹכִין שֶׁדָּכָן בְּמַשְׁקִין. אֲבָל אֶת שֶׁדַּרְכָּן לָדוּךְ בְּמַשְׁקִים וְדָכָן שֶׁלֹּא בְמַשְׁקִין וְהֵן גּוּשׁ בַּקְּעָרָה, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ כְעִגּוּל שֶׁל דְּבֵלָה:

If the porridge was of terumah and the garlic or oil [it contained] was of hullin, and a tevul yom touched part of them, he has disqualified the whole thing; But if the porridge was of hullin and the garlic or oil it contained was of terumah, and a tevul yom touched part of them, he disqualifies only the part he has touched. If the greater part was garlic then they go after the majority. Rabbi Judah said: When is this so? When it formed one cohesive mass in the pot, but if it was scattered small in the mortar, then it is clean, since he wishes that it should be scattered. [Similarly] with all other mashed foods which were mashed with liquids. But those which are usually mashed with liquids and yet were mashed without liquids, though they formed one cohesive mass in the pot, are regarded as a cake of preserved figs.

Mishnah Tevul Yom 2:3 · Mishnah Yomit by Dr. Joshua Kulp

בְּשַׂר הַקֹּדֶשׁ שֶׁקָּרַם עָלָיו הַקִּפָּה, נָגַע טְבוּל יוֹם בַּקִּפָּה, חֲתִיכוֹת מֻתָּרוֹת. נָגַע בַּחֲתִיכָה, חֲתִיכָה וְכָל הָעוֹלִים עִמָּהּ, חִבּוּר זֶה לָזֶה. רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן נוּרִי אוֹמֵר, שְׁנֵיהֶם חִבּוּר זֶה לָזֶה. וְכֵן בְּקִטְנִיּוֹת שֶׁקָּרְמוּ עַל גַּבֵּי פְרוּסוֹת. מַעֲשֵׂה קְדֵרָה בַקִּטְנִיּוֹת, בִּזְמַן שֶׁהֵן פְּרוּדִים, אֵינָן חִבּוּר. בִּזְמַן שֶׁהֵן גּוּשׁ, חִבּוּר. אִם הָיוּ גוּשִׁין הַרְבֵּה, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ יִמָּנוּ. שֶׁמֶן שֶׁהוּא צָף עַל גַּבֵּי הַיַּיִן וְנָגַע טְבוּל יוֹם בַּשֶּׁמֶן, לֹא פָסַל אֶלָּא הַשֶּׁמֶן. רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן נוּרִי אוֹמֵר, שְׁנֵיהֶם חִבּוּר זֶה לָזֶה:

Sanctified meat over which the porridge crusted, and a tevul yom touched the crust, the slices [of meat] are permitted. But if he touched one of the slices, that slice and all [the crust] that comes up with it form a connective with the other. Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri says: the two of them serve as connectives to each other. Similarly, with [cooked] beans that have formed a layer over pieces of bread. Beans or other foods cooked in a pot: when they are still separate, do not serve as connectives; but when they become a solid pulp, they do act as connectives. If they formed several solid masses, they are to be counted. If oil floats on wine and a tevul yom touched the oil, only the oil is disqualified. But Rabbi Yohanan ben Nuri says: each serves as a connective with the other.

Mishnah Tevul Yom 2:5 · Mishnah Yomit by Dr. Joshua Kulp

חָבִית שֶׁנִּקְּבָה בֵּין מִפִּיהָ בֵּין מִשּׁוּלֶיהָ בֵּין מִצִּדֶּיהָ וְנָגַע בּוֹ טְבוּל יוֹם, טְמֵאָה. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, מִפִּיהָ וּמִשּׁוּלֶיהָ, טְמֵאָה. מִן הַצְּדָדִין, מִכָּאן וּמִכָּאן, טְהוֹרָה. הַמְעָרֶה מִכְּלִי לִכְלִי וְנָגַע טְבוּל יוֹם בַּקִּלּוּחַ, אִם יֶשׁ בּוֹ, יַעֲלֶה בְאַחַת וּמֵאָה:

If a jug had a hole either at its neck, bottom or sides, and a tevul yom touched it [at the hole], it becomes unclean. Rabbi Judah says: if the hole is at its neck or bottom it becomes unclean; but if on its sides, on this side or on that, it remains clean. If one poured [liquid] from one vessel into another, and a tevul yom touched the stream, and there was something within the vessel, then [whatsoever he touches] is neutralized in a hundred and one.

Mishnah Tevul Yom 2:7 · Mishnah Yomit by Dr. Joshua Kulp

כָּל יְדוֹת הָאֳכָלִים שֶׁהֵם חִבּוּר בְּאַב הַטֻּמְאָה, חִבּוּר בִּטְבוּל יוֹם. אֹכֶל שֶׁנִּפְרָס וּמְעֹרֶה מִקְצָת, רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר, אִם אוֹחֵז בַּגָּדוֹל וְהַקָּטָן עוֹלֶה עִמּוֹ, הֲרֵי הוּא כָמוֹהוּ. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אִם אוֹחֵז בַּקָּטָן וְהַגָּדוֹל עוֹלֶה עִמּוֹ, הֲרֵי הוּא כָמוֹהוּ. רַבִּי נְחֶמְיָה אוֹמֵר, בַּטָּהוֹר. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, בַּטָּמֵא. וּשְׁאָר כָּל הָאֳכָלִים, אֶת שֶׁדַּרְכּוֹ לֵאָחֵז בֶּעָלֶה, אוֹחֵז אוֹתוֹ בֶּעָלֶה. וּבַקֶּלַח, אוֹחֲזִין אוֹתוֹ בַּקָּלַח:

Handles to food, which count as connectives when touched by a "father of uncleanness," also count as connectives when touched by a tevul yom. If a food was divided into two yet a small part was still attached: Rabbi Meir says: if one takes hold of the larger part and the smaller part is pulled away with it, behold it is like it. Rabbi Judah says: if one takes hold of the smaller part and the greater is also pulled away with it, then behold it is like it. Rabbi Nehemiah says: [this refers] to the case of the clean portion. But the sages say: [it refers] to the unclean portion. In the case of all other foods, those usually held by the leaf should be taken by the leaf, and those usually held by the stalk should be taken by the stalk.

Mishnah Tevul Yom 3:1 · Mishnah Yomit by Dr. Joshua Kulp

עִסָּה שֶׁנִּדְמְעָה אוֹ שֶׁנִּתְחַמְּצָה בִשְׂאֹר שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה, אֵינָהּ נִפְסֶלֶת בִּטְבוּל יוֹם. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי וְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן פּוֹסְלִין. עִסָּה שֶׁהֻכְשְׁרָה בְמַשְׁקֶה וְנִלּוֹשָׁה בְּמֵי פֵרוֹת וְנָגַע בָּהֶן טְבוּל יוֹם, רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן יְהוּדָה אִישׁ בַּרְתּוֹתָא אוֹמֵר מִשּׁוּם רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ, פָּסַל אֶת כֻּלָּהּ. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר מִשְּׁמוֹ, לֹא פָסַל אֶלָּא מְקוֹם מַגָּעוֹ:

Dough that had been mixed [with dough of terumah] or that had been leavened with yeast of terumah, is not disqualified by tevul yom. Rabbi Yose and Rabbi Shimon declare it unfit. Dough that had become susceptible [to uncleanness] by a liquid, and it was kneaded with produce juice, and later touched by a tevul yom: Rabbi Elazar ben Judah of Bartota says in the name of Rabbi Joshua: he disqualifies all of it. Rabbi Akiva says in his name: he disqualifies only the part that he touched.

Mishnah Tevul Yom 3:4 · Mishnah Yomit by Dr. Joshua Kulp

טָהוֹר שֶׁנָּגַס מִן הָאֹכֶל וְנָפַל עַל בְּגָדָיו וְעַל כִּכָּר שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה, טָהוֹר. הָיָה אוֹכֵל זֵיתִים פְּצוּעִים וּתְמָרִים רְטֻבּוֹת, כֹּל שֶׁהוּא רוֹצֶה לָמֹץ אֶת גַּרְעִינָתוֹ וְנָפַל עַל בְּגָדָיו וְעַל כִּכָּר שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה, טָמֵא. הָיָה אוֹכֵל זֵיתִים נְגוּבִין וּתְמָרִים יְבֵשׁוֹת, כֹּל שֶׁאֵינוֹ רוֹצֶה לָמֹץ אֶת גַּרְעִינָתוֹ וְנָפַל עַל בְּגָדָיו וְעַל כִּכָּר שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה, טָהוֹר. אֶחָד טָהוֹר וְאֶחָד טְבוּל יוֹם, כָּאֵלּוּ. רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר, אֵלּוּ וָאֵלּוּ טְמֵאִין בִּטְבוּל יוֹם, שֶׁמַּשְׁקִין שֶׁל טָמֵא מַכְשִׁירִין לִרְצוֹנוֹ וְשֶׁלֹּא לִרְצוֹנוֹ. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, אֵין טְבוּל יוֹם טָמֵא:

A clean person who chewed food and it fell on his garments and on a loaf of terumah, it [the loaf] is not susceptible to uncleanness. If he ate crushed olives or moist dates, [or] if his intention was to suck out the pit, and it fell on his garments and on a loaf of terumah, it is susceptible to uncleanness. If he ate dried olives, or dried figs or it was not his intention to suck out the pit, and they fell on his garments and on a loaf of terumah, it is not susceptible to uncleanness. This is the case irrespective of whether it was a clean person or a tevul yom [who was eating]. Rabbi Meir says: in either case it becomes susceptible to uncleanness in the case of a tevul yom, since liquids issuing from unclean persons render anything susceptible whether it was to his liking or not. But the sages say: a tevul yom is not regarded as an unclean person.

Mishnah Tevul Yom 3:6 · Mishnah Yomit by Dr. Joshua Kulp

בָּרִאשׁוֹנָה הָיוּ אוֹמְרִים, מְחַלְּלִין עַל פֵּרוֹת עַם הָאָרֶץ. חָזְרוּ לוֹמַר, אַף עַל מְעוֹתָיו. בָּרִאשׁוֹנָה הָיוּ אוֹמְרִים, הַיּוֹצֵא בַקּוֹלָר וְאָמַר, כִּתְבוּ גֵט לְאִשְׁתִּי, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ יִכְתְּבוּ וְיִתְּנוּ. חָזְרוּ לוֹמַר, אַף הַמְפָרֵשׁ וְהַיּוֹצֵא בִשְׁיָרָא. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן שְׁזוּרִי אוֹמֵר, אַף הַמְסֻכָּן:

Originally they said: one may redeem [second tithe] for the produce of an am ha-arez. Later they reconsidered and said: also for money of his.Originally they said that if a man was being led out to execution and said, “Write a get for my wife”, they may write a get and give [it to her]. Later they reconsidered and said, even if he were leaving on a sea voyage or on a caravan journey. Rabbi Shimon Shezuri says: even if he were dangerously ill.

Mishnah Tevul Yom 4:5 · Mishnah Yomit by Dr. Joshua Kulp

הַכַּדּוּמִין הָאַשְׁקְלוֹנִים שֶׁנִּשְׁבְּרוּ וְאֻנְקְלִי שֶׁלָּהֶם קַיֶּמֶת, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ טְמֵאִין. הַמַּעְבֵּר וְהַמַּזְרֶה וְהַמַּגּוֹב וְכֵן מַסְרֵק שֶׁל רֹאשׁ שֶׁנִּטְּלָה אַחַת מִשִּׁנֵּיהֶן וַעֲשָׂאָן שֶׁל מַתָּכוֹת, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ טְמֵאִין. וְעַל כֻּלָּן אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ, דָּבָר חָדָשׁ חִדְּשׁוּ הַסּוֹפְרִים וְאֵין לִי מַה לְּהָשִׁיב:

If Ashkelon grappling-irons were broken but their hooks remained, they remain susceptible to impurity. If a pitch-fork, winnowing-fan, or rake, and the same applies to a hair-comb, lost one of its teeth and it was replaced by one of metal, it is susceptible to impurity. And concerning all these Rabbi Joshua said: the scribes have here introduced a new principle of law, and I have no explanation to offer.

Mishnah Tevul Yom 4:6 · Mishnah Yomit by Dr. Joshua Kulp

הַתּוֹרֵם אֶת הַבּוֹר וְאָמַר, הֲרֵי זוֹ תְרוּמָה עַל מְנָת שֶׁתַּעֲלֶה שָׁלוֹם, שָׁלוֹם מִן הַשֶּׁבֶר וּמִן הַשְּׁפִיכָה, אֲבָל לֹא מִן הַטֻּמְאָה. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, אַף מִן הַטֻּמְאָה. נִשְׁבְּרָה, אֵינָהּ מְדַמַּעַת. עַד הֵיכָן תִּשָּׁבֵר וְלֹא תְדַמֵּעַ. כְּדֵי שֶׁתִּתְגַּלְגֵּל וְתַגִּיעַ לַבּוֹר. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, אַף מִי שֶׁהָיָה בוֹ דַעַת לְהַתְנוֹת וְלֹא הִתְנָה, נִשְׁבְּרָה, אֵינָהּ מְדַמַּעַת, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא תְנַאי בֵּית דִּין:

If one was taking terumah from a cistern and said: "Let this be terumah provided it comes up safely," [it is implied that he meant] safely from being broken or spilled, but not from becoming impure; But Rabbi Shimon says: also from impurity. If it were broken, it does not render [the contents of the cistern] subject to the restrictions of terumah. How far away can it be broken and still not make [the contents of the cistern] subject to terumah restrictions? Only so far that if it rolls back, it can reach the cistern. Rabbi Yose says: even if one had the intention of making such a stipulation, but did not do so, and it broke, it does not make the [contents of the cistern] subject to terumah restrictions, for this is a stipulation laid down by the court.

Mishnah Tevul Yom 4:7 · Mishnah Yomit by Dr. Joshua Kulp