Rest and Shabbat

וַיְכֻלּ֛וּ הַשָּׁמַ֥יִם וְהָאָ֖רֶץ וְכׇל־צְבָאָֽם׃

And the heaven and the earth were finished, and all the host of them.

וַיְכַ֤ל אֱלֹהִים֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י מְלַאכְתּ֖וֹ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֑ה וַיִּשְׁבֹּת֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י מִכׇּל־מְלַאכְתּ֖וֹ אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָֽׂה׃

And on the seventh day God finished His work which He had made; and He rested on the seventh day from all His work which He had made.

וַיְבָ֤רֶךְ אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶת־י֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י וַיְקַדֵּ֖שׁ אֹת֑וֹ כִּ֣י ב֤וֹ שָׁבַת֙ מִכׇּל־מְלַאכְתּ֔וֹ אֲשֶׁר־בָּרָ֥א אֱלֹהִ֖ים לַעֲשֽׂוֹת׃

And God blessed the seventh day, and hallowed it; because that in it He rested from all His work which God in creating had made.

לְכָה דוֹדִי לִקְרַאת כַּלָּה. פְּנֵי שַׁבָּת נְקַבְּ֒לָה:

Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat.

לִקְרַאת שַׁבָּת לְכוּ וְנֵלְ֒כָה. כִּי הִיא מְקוֹר הַבְּ֒רָכָה. מֵרֹאשׁ מִקֶּֽדֶם נְסוּכָה. סוֹף מַעֲשֶׂה בְּמַחֲשָׁבָה תְּחִלָּה:

Let us go to welcome the Shabbat. For she is the source of blessing. From the very start, from the beginning she was designated. The end of creation and first in thought.

לְכָה דוֹדִי לִקְרַאת כַּלָּה. פְּנֵי שַׁבָּת נְקַבְּ֒לָה:

Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat.

מִקְדַּשׁ מֶֽלֶךְ עִיר מְלוּכָה. קֽוּמִי צְאִי מִתּוֹךְ הַהֲפֵכָה. רַב לָךְ שֶֽׁבֶת בְּעֵֽמֶק הַבָּכָא. וְהוּא יַחְמוֹל עָלַֽיִךְ חֶמְלָה:

Sanctuary of the King, city of royalty. Rise and go forth from the ruins. Too long have you sat in the valley sorrow. And He will shower you with compassion. ...

לְכָה דוֹדִי לִקְרַאת כַּלָּה. פְּנֵי שַׁבָּת נְקַבְּ֒לָה:

Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat....

הִתְנַעֲרִי מֵעָפָר קֽוּמִי. לִבְשִׁי בִּגְדֵי תִפְאַרְתֵּךְ עַמִּי. עַל יַד בֶּן יִשַּׁי בֵּית הַלַּחְמִי. קָרְבָה אֶל נַפְשִׁי גְּאָלָהּ:

Shake it all off, rise from the ashes. Wear the garments of the glory of My people. Through the son of Jesse of Bethlehem. Draw close to my soul and redeem it.

לְכָה דוֹדִי לִקְרַאת כַּלָּה. פְּנֵי שַׁבָּת נְקַבְּ֒לָה:

Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat.

הִתְעוֹרְ֒רִי. הִתְעוֹרְ֒רִי. כִּי בָא אוֹרֵךְ קֽוּמִי אֽוֹרִי. עֽוּרִי עֽוּרִי שִׁיר דַּבֵּֽרִי. כְּבוֹד יְהֹוָה עָלַֽיִךְ נִגְלָה:

Wake up, wake up. For your light has come, rise and illuminate. Arise, arise, speak a song. The honor of God is revealed upon you.

לְכָה דוֹדִי לִקְרַאת כַּלָּה. פְּנֵי שַׁבָּת נְקַבְּ֒לָה:

Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat.

לֹא תֵבֽוֹשִׁי וְלֹא תִכָּלְ֒מִי. מַה תִּשְׁתּוֹחֲחִי וּמַה תֶּהֱמִי. בָּךְ יֶחֱסוּ עֲנִיֵּי עַמִּי. וְנִבְנְ֒תָה עִיר עַל תִּלָּהּ:

Do not be ashamed nor confounded. Why should you be downtrodden and why should you be shocked? Within you the afflicted of My people will seek refuge. And the city will be rebuilt on its former site. ...

לְכָה דוֹדִי לִקְרַאת כַּלָּה. פְּנֵי שַׁבָּת נְקַבְּ֒לָה:

Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat.

וְהָיוּ לִמְשִׁסָּה שֹׁסָֽיִךְ. וְרָחֲקוּ כָּל מְבַלְּ֒עָֽיִךְ. יָשִׂישׂ עָלַֽיִךְ אֱלֹהָֽיִךְ. כִּמְשׂוֹשׂ חָתָן עַל כַּלָּה:

And your oppressors will be destroyed. And those who would devour you will be far away. Your God will rejoice over you. Like a bridegroom rejoices over his bride.

לְכָה דוֹדִי לִקְרַאת כַּלָּה. פְּנֵי שַׁבָּת נְקַבְּ֒לָה:

Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat.

יָמִין וּשְׂמֹאל תִּפְרֽוֹצִי. וְאֶת יְהֹוָה תַּעֲרִֽיצִי. עַל יַד אִישׁ בֶּן פַּרְצִי. וְנִשְׂמְ֒חָה וְנָגִֽילָה:

Right and left you will proliferate. And you will worship God. Through the man who descends from Peretz. And we shall celebrate and rejoice.

לְכָה דוֹדִי לִקְרַאת כַּלָּה. פְּנֵי שַׁבָּת נְקַבְּ֒לָה:

Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat.

בּֽוֹאִי בְשָׁלוֹם עֲטֶֽרֶת בַּעְלָהּ. גַּם בְּשִׂמְחָה וּבְצָהֳלָה. תּוֹךְ אֱמוּנֵי עַם סְגֻלָּה. בֹּֽאִי כַלָּה בֹּֽאִי כַלָּה בֹּֽאִי כַלָּה שַׁבָּת מַלְכְּתָא:

Come in peace, crown of her husband. With both joy and fanfare. Among the faithful, the virtuous people. Come O bride. Come O bride.

לְכָה דוֹדִי לִקְרַאת כַּלָּה. פְּנֵי שַׁבָּת נְקַבְּ֒לָה:

Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat.

אִם־תָּשִׁ֤יב מִשַּׁבָּת֙ רַגְלֶ֔ךָ עֲשׂ֥וֹת חֲפָצֶ֖ךָ בְּי֣וֹם קׇדְשִׁ֑י וְקָרָ֨אתָ לַשַּׁבָּ֜ת עֹ֗נֶג לִקְד֤וֹשׁ יְהֹוָה֙ מְכֻבָּ֔ד וְכִבַּדְתּוֹ֙ מֵעֲשׂ֣וֹת דְּרָכֶ֔יךָ מִמְּצ֥וֹא חֶפְצְךָ֖ וְדַבֵּ֥ר דָּבָֽר׃

If thou turn away thy foot because of the sabbath, From pursuing thy business on My holy day; And call the sabbath a delight, And the holy of the LORD honourable; And shalt honour it, not doing thy wonted ways, Nor pursuing thy business, nor speaking thereof;

אָ֗ז תִּתְעַנַּג֙ עַל־יְהֹוָ֔ה וְהִרְכַּבְתִּ֖יךָ עַל־[בָּ֣מֳתֵי] (במותי) אָ֑רֶץ וְהַאֲכַלְתִּ֗יךָ נַחֲלַת֙ יַעֲקֹ֣ב אָבִ֔יךָ כִּ֛י פִּ֥י יְהֹוָ֖ה דִּבֵּֽר׃

Then shalt thou delight thyself in the LORD, And I will make thee to ride upon the high places of the earth, And I will feed thee with the heritage of Jacob thy father; For the mouth of the LORD hath spoken it.

מִזְמ֥וֹר שִׁ֗יר לְי֣וֹם הַשַּׁבָּֽת׃

A Psalm, a Song. For the sabbath day.

ט֗וֹב לְהֹד֥וֹת לַיהֹוָ֑ה וּלְזַמֵּ֖ר לְשִׁמְךָ֣ עֶלְיֽוֹן׃

It is a good thing to give thanks unto the LORD, And to sing praises unto Thy name, O Most High;

לְהַגִּ֣יד בַּבֹּ֣קֶר חַסְדֶּ֑ךָ וֶ֝אֱמ֥וּנָתְךָ֗ בַּלֵּילֽוֹת׃

To declare Thy lovingkindness in the morning, And Thy faithfulness in the night seasons,

עֲֽלֵי־עָ֭שׂוֹר וַעֲלֵי־נָ֑בֶל עֲלֵ֖י הִגָּי֣וֹן בְּכִנּֽוֹר׃

With an instrument of ten strings, and with the psaltery; With a solemn sound upon the harp.

כִּ֤י שִׂמַּחְתַּ֣נִי יְהֹוָ֣ה בְּפׇעֳלֶ֑ךָ בְּֽמַעֲשֵׂ֖י יָדֶ֣יךָ אֲרַנֵּֽן׃

For Thou, LORD, hast made me glad through Thy work; I will exult in the works of Thy hands.

מַה־גָּדְל֣וּ מַעֲשֶׂ֣יךָ יְהֹוָ֑ה מְ֝אֹ֗ד עָמְק֥וּ מַחְשְׁבֹתֶֽיךָ׃

How great are Thy works, O LORD! Thy thoughts are very deep.

אִֽישׁ־בַּ֭עַר לֹ֣א יֵדָ֑ע וּ֝כְסִ֗יל לֹא־יָבִ֥ין אֶת־זֹֽאת׃

A brutish man knoweth not, Neither doth a fool understand this.

בִּפְרֹ֤חַ רְשָׁעִ֨ים ׀ כְּמ֥וֹ־עֵ֗שֶׂב וַ֭יָּצִיצוּ כׇּל־פֹּ֣עֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן לְהִשָּׁמְדָ֥ם עֲדֵי־עַֽד׃

When the wicked spring up as the grass, And when all the workers of iniquity do flourish; It is that they may be destroyed for ever.

וְאַתָּ֥ה מָר֗וֹם לְעֹלָ֥ם יְהֹוָֽה׃

But Thou, O LORD, art on high for evermore.

כִּ֤י הִנֵּ֪ה אֹיְבֶ֡יךָ יְֽהֹוָ֗ה כִּֽי־הִנֵּ֣ה אֹיְבֶ֣יךָ יֹאבֵ֑דוּ יִ֝תְפָּרְד֗וּ כׇּל־פֹּ֥עֲלֵי אָֽוֶן׃

For, lo, Thine enemies, O LORD, For, lo, Thine enemies shall perish: All the workers of iniquity shall be scattered.

וַתָּ֣רֶם כִּרְאֵ֣ים קַרְנִ֑י בַּ֝לֹּתִ֗י בְּשֶׁ֣מֶן רַעֲנָֽן׃

But my horn hast Thou exalted like the horn of the wild-ox; I am anointed with rich oil.

וַתַּבֵּ֥ט עֵינִ֗י בְּשׁ֫וּרָ֥י בַּקָּמִ֖ים עָלַ֥י מְרֵעִ֗ים תִּשְׁמַ֥עְנָה אׇזְנָֽי׃

Mine eye also hath gazed on them that lie in wait for me, Mine ears have heard my desire of the evil-doers that rise up against me.

צַ֭דִּיק כַּתָּמָ֣ר יִפְרָ֑ח כְּאֶ֖רֶז בַּלְּבָנ֣וֹן יִשְׂגֶּֽה׃

The righteous shall flourish like the palm-tree; He shall grow like a cedar in Lebanon.

שְׁ֭תוּלִים בְּבֵ֣ית יְהֹוָ֑ה בְּחַצְר֖וֹת אֱלֹהֵ֣ינוּ יַפְרִֽיחוּ׃

Planted in the house of the LORD, They shall flourish in the courts of our God.

ע֭וֹד יְנוּב֣וּן בְּשֵׂיבָ֑ה דְּשֵׁנִ֖ים וְֽרַעֲנַנִּ֣ים יִהְיֽוּ׃

They shall still bring forth fruit in old age; They shall be full of sap and richness;

לְ֭הַגִּיד כִּֽי־יָשָׁ֣ר יְהֹוָ֑ה צ֝וּרִ֗י וְֽלֹא־[עַוְלָ֥תָה] (עלתה) בּֽוֹ׃

To declare that the LORD is upright, My Rock, in whom there is no unrighteousness.

(שמות כ,ח) "שֵׁשֶׁת יָמִים תַּעֲבֹד, וְעָשִׂיתָ כָּל מְלַאכְתֶּךָ." וְכִי אֶפְשָׁר לְבָשָׂר וָדָם לַעֲשׁוֹת כָּל מְלַאכְתּוֹ בְּשֵׁשֶׁת יָמִים? אֶלָּא שְׁבֹת כְּאִלּוּ כָּל מְלַאכְתָּךְ עֲשׂוּיָה!

(Exodus, Ibid. 9) "Six days shall you work": Now is it possible for a man to do his work in six days? The meaning is, rather: Rest as if all your work has been done.

דָּבָר אַחֵר: שְׁבֹת מִמַּחְשֶׁבֶת עֲבוֹדָה! וְאוֹמֵר: (ישעיה נח,יג-יד) "אִם תָּשִׁיב מִשַּׁבָּת רַגְלֶךָ, עֲשׂוֹת חֲפָצֶךָ בְּיוֹם קָדְשִׁי, וְקָרָאתָ לַשַּׁבָּת עֹנֶג, לִקְדוֹשׁ יי מְכֻבָּד, וְכִבַּדְתּוֹ מֵעֲשׂוֹת דְּרָכֶיךָ, מִמְּצוֹא חֶפְצְךָ, וְדַבֵּר דָּבָר, אָז תִּתְעַנַּג עַל יי".

Variantly: Rest from thoughts of work. As it is written (Isaiah 59:13) "If you turn your feet back from the Sabbath," (Ibid. 14) "then you will find pleasure in the L–rd."

זָכ֛וֹר֩ אֶת־י֥֨וֹם הַשַּׁבָּ֖֜ת לְקַדְּשֽׁ֗וֹ׃

Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.

שֵׁ֤֣שֶׁת יָמִ֣ים֙ תַּֽעֲבֹ֔ד֮ וְעָשִׂ֖֣יתָ כׇּֿל־מְלַאכְתֶּֽךָ֒׃

Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work;

וְי֨וֹם֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔֜י שַׁבָּ֖֣ת ׀ לַיהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑֗יךָ לֹֽ֣א־תַעֲשֶׂ֣֨ה כׇל־מְלָאכָ֜֡ה אַתָּ֣ה ׀ וּבִנְךָ֣͏ֽ־וּ֠בִתֶּ֗ךָ עַבְדְּךָ֤֨ וַאֲמָֽתְךָ֜֙ וּבְהֶמְתֶּ֔֗ךָ וְגֵרְךָ֖֙ אֲשֶׁ֥֣ר בִּשְׁעָרֶֽ֔יךָ׃

but the seventh day is a sabbath unto the LORD thy God, in it thou shalt not do any manner of work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy man-servant, nor thy maid-servant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates;

כִּ֣י שֵֽׁשֶׁת־יָמִים֩ עָשָׂ֨ה יְהֹוָ֜ה אֶת־הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם וְאֶת־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֶת־הַיָּם֙ וְאֶת־כׇּל־אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֔ם וַיָּ֖נַח בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֑י עַל־כֵּ֗ן בֵּרַ֧ךְ יְהֹוָ֛ה אֶת־י֥וֹם הַשַּׁבָּ֖ת וַֽיְקַדְּשֵֽׁהוּ׃

for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested on the seventh day; wherefore the LORD blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.

יְדִיד נֶֽפֶשׁ אָב הָרַחֲמָן. מְשׁוֹךְ עַבְדְּ֒ךָ אֶל רְצוֹנֶֽךָ. יָרוּץ עַבְדְּ֒ךָ כְּמוֹ אַיָּל יִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה אֶל מוּל הֲדָרֶֽךָ. יֶעֱרַב לוֹ יְדִידוֹתֶֽיךָ. מִנֹּֽפֶת צוּף וְכָל טָֽעַם:

Beloved of my soul, compassionate Father, draw me, your servant, to your desire. Would that I could run like a gazelle, and bow before Your beauty, for I find your love sweeter than honey or any delight.

הָדוּר נָאֶה זִיו הָעוֹלָם. נַפְשִׁי חוֹלַת אַהֲבָתֶֽךָ. אָֽנָּא אֵל נָא רְפָא נָא לָהּ. בְּהַרְאוֹת לָהּ נֹֽעַם זִיוֶֽךָ. אָז תִּתְחַזֵּק וְתִתְרַפֵּא. וְהָיְ֒תָה לָהּ שִׂמְחַת עוֹלָם:

Beautiful, splendrous light of the world, my soul is sick with love. God, please heal her by bathing her in your serene light -- then she shall surely be strengthened and healed and be Your servant forever.

וָתִיק יֶהֱמוּ נָא רַחֲמֶֽיךָ וְחֽוּסָה נָא עַל בֵּן אֲהוּבֶֽךָ. כִּי זֶה כַּמָּה נִכְסוֹף נִכְסַפְתִּי לִרְאוֹת מְהֵרָה בְּתִפְאֶֽרֶת עֻזֶּֽךָ. אֵֽלֶּה חָמְ֒דָה לִבִּי וְחֽוּסָה נָא וְאַל תִּתְעַלֵּם:

Ancient One, let Your compassion flow. Have pity on the child whom You love -- for I have yearned so long to see your luminescent power. My God, my beloved, hurry; please, do not hide!

הִגָּלֶה נָּא וּפְרוֹס חֲבִיבִי עָלַי אֶת סֻכַּת שְׁלוֹמֶֽךָ. תָּאִיר אֶֽרֶץ מִכְּ֒בוֹדֶֽךָ. נָגִֽילָה וְנִשְׂמְ֒חָה בָּךְ. מַהֵר אֶהֹב כִּי בָא מוֹעֵד וְחָנֵּֽנוּ כִּימֵי עוֹלָם:

Please, my beloved, reveal Yourself. Spread the sukkah of your love over me. May the whole world be illuminated with Your glory; then shall we be glad and rejoice with You. My lover -- come quickly, for the time has come -- have compassion for me as in days of old.

שָׁמ֛֣וֹר אֶת־י֥וֹם֩ הַשַּׁבָּ֖֨ת לְקַדְּשׁ֑֜וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוְּךָ֖֣ ׀ יְהֹוָ֥֣ה אֱלֹהֶֽ֗יךָ׃

Observe the sabbath day, to keep it holy, as the LORD thy God commanded thee.

שֵׁ֤֣שֶׁת יָמִ֣ים֙ תַּֽעֲבֹ֔ד֮ וְעָשִׂ֖֣יתָ כׇּֿל־מְלַאכְתֶּֽךָ֒׃

Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work;

וְי֨וֹם֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔֜י שַׁבָּ֖֣ת ׀ לַיהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑֗יךָ לֹ֣א תַעֲשֶׂ֣ה כׇל־מְלָאכָ֡ה אַתָּ֣ה וּבִנְךָֽ־וּבִתֶּ֣ךָ וְעַבְדְּךָֽ־וַ֠אֲמָתֶ֠ךָ וְשׁוֹרְךָ֨ וַחֲמֹֽרְךָ֜ וְכׇל־בְּהֶמְתֶּ֗ךָ וְגֵֽרְךָ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בִּשְׁעָרֶ֔יךָ לְמַ֗עַן יָנ֛וּחַ עַבְדְּךָ֥ וַאֲמָתְךָ֖ כָּמֽ֑וֹךָ׃

but the seventh day is a sabbath unto the LORD thy God, in it thou shalt not do any manner of work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy man-servant, nor thy maid-servant, nor thine ox, nor thine ass, nor any of thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates; that thy man-servant and thy maid-servant may rest as well as thou.

וְזָכַרְתָּ֗֞ כִּ֣י־עֶ֤֥בֶד הָיִ֣֙יתָ֙ ׀ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֔֗יִם וַיֹּצִ֨אֲךָ֜֩ יְהֹוָ֤֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֤֙יךָ֙ מִשָּׁ֔ם֙ בְּיָ֥֤ד חֲזָקָ֖ה֙ וּבִזְרֹ֣עַ נְטוּיָ֑֔ה עַל־כֵּ֗ן צִוְּךָ֙ יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ לַעֲשׂ֖וֹת אֶת־י֥וֹם הַשַּׁבָּֽת׃

And thou shalt remember that thou was a servant in the land of Egypt, and the LORD thy God brought thee out thence by a mighty hand and by an outstretched arm; therefore the LORD thy God commanded thee to keep the sabbath day.

אַרְבָּעָה דְּבָרִים נֶאֶמְרוּ בְּשַׁבָּת. שְׁנַיִם מִן הַתּוֹרָה. וּשְׁנַיִם מִדִּבְרֵי סוֹפְרִים וְהֵן מְפֹרָשִׁין עַל יְדֵי הַנְּבִיאִים. שֶׁבַּתּוֹרָה (שמות כ ז) "זָכוֹר" וְ (דברים ה יא) "שָׁמוֹר". וְשֶׁנִּתְפָּרְשׁוּ עַל יְדֵי הַנְּבִיאִים כָּבוֹד וָעֹנֶג שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ישעיה נח יג) "וְקָרָאתָ לַשַּׁבָּת עֹנֶג וְלִקְדוֹשׁ ה' מְכֻבָּד":

Four concepts were said regarding Sabbath, two from the Torah, and two from the words of the Sages and explicated through the Prophets. From the Torah: "Remember" (Exodus 20:8) and "Observe" (Deuteronomy 5:12). And explicated through the Prophets: Honor and delight, as it is said, "And call the sabbath a delight, And the holy of the LORD honourable" (Isaiah 58:13).

אֵיזֶהוּ כָּבוֹד זֶה שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמִים שֶׁמִּצְוָה עַל אָדָם לִרְחֹץ פָּנָיו יָדָיו וְרַגְלָיו בְּחַמִּין בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת מִפְּנֵי כְּבוֹד הַשַּׁבָּת וּמִתְעַטֵּף בְּצִיצִית וְיוֹשֵׁב בְּכֹבֶד רֹאשׁ מְיַחֵל לְהַקְבָּלַת פְּנֵי הַשַּׁבָּת כְּמוֹ שֶׁהוּא יוֹצֵא לִקְרַאת הַמֶּלֶךְ. וַחֲכָמִים הָרִאשׁוֹנִים הָיוּ מְקַבְּצִין תַּלְמִידֵיהֶן בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת וּמִתְעַטְּפִים וְאוֹמְרִים בּוֹאוּ וְנֵצֵא לִקְרַאת שַׁבָּת הַמֶּלֶךְ:

What is honor? It is what the Sages said that it is a mitzvah to wash one's face, hands, and feet in hot water on the eve of Shabbat for the sake of honor for Shabbat. One should wrap Tzitzit, and sit respectfully, waiting for Shabbat to commence just as one does he goes out to greet a king. And the early Sages would gather their students on the eve of Shabbat and wrap themselves and say, "Come, let us go out and greet Shabbat, the king."

וּמִכְּבוֹד הַשַּׁבָּת שֶׁיִּלְבַּשׁ כְּסוּת נְקִיָּה. וְלֹא יִהְיֶה מַלְבּוּשׁ החֹל כְּמַלְבּוּשׁ הַשַּׁבָּת. וְאִם אֵין לוֹ לְהַחֲלִיף מְשַׁלְשֵׁל טַלִּיתוֹ כְּדֵי שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא מַלְבּוּשׁוֹ כְּמַלְבּוּשׁ הַחל. וְעֶזְרָא תִּקֵּן שֶׁיְּהוּ הָעָם מְכַבְּסִים בַּחֲמִישִׁי מִפְּנֵי כְּבוֹד הַשַּׁבָּת:

Honoring the Sabbath includes wearing clean clothing. One's Sabbath rainment should be distinct from that of the week. If he has no additional set of clothing, he should loosen his garment so that his style of dress is not like that of the week. Ezra established that the people would wash their clothes on Thursday, to honor the [coming] Sabbath.

וְשָׁמְר֥וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶת־הַשַּׁבָּ֑ת לַעֲשׂ֧וֹת אֶת־הַשַּׁבָּ֛ת לְדֹרֹתָ֖ם בְּרִ֥ית עוֹלָֽם׃

Wherefore the children of Israel shall keep the sabbath, to observe the sabbath throughout their generations, for a perpetual covenant.

בֵּינִ֗י וּבֵין֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל א֥וֹת הִ֖וא לְעֹלָ֑ם כִּי־שֵׁ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֗ים עָשָׂ֤ה יְהֹוָה֙ אֶת־הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם וְאֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ וּבַיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י שָׁבַ֖ת וַיִּנָּפַֽשׁ׃

It is a sign between Me and the children of Israel for ever; for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day He ceased from work and rested.’

שָׁלוֹם עֲלֵיכֶם מַלְאֲכֵי הַשָּׁרֵת מַלְאֲכֵי עֶלְיוֹן מִמֶּֽלֶךְ מַלְכֵי הַמְּ֒לָכִים הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: ג"פ

Peace upon you, angels of God's service, angels of the Most High, from the King of kings-of-kings, the Holy One, blessed is He.

בּוֹאֲכֶם לְשָׁלוֹם מַלְאֲכֵי הַשָּׁלוֹם מַלְאֲכֵי עֶלְיוֹן מִמֶּֽלֶךְ מַלְכֵי הַמְּ֒לָכִים הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: ג"פ

Come in peace, angels of peace, angels of the Most High, from the King of kings-of-kings the Holy One, blessed is He.

בָּרְכוּנִי לְשָׁלוֹם מַלְאֲכֵי הַשָּׁלוֹם מַלְאֲכֵי עֶלְיוֹן מִמֶּֽלֶךְ מַלְכֵי הַמְּ֒לָכִים הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: ג"פ

Bless me with peace, angels of peace, angels of the Most High from the King of kings-of-kings the Holy One, blessed is He.

צֵאתְכֶם לְשָׁלוֹם מַלְאֲכֵי הַשָּׁלוֹם מַלְאֲכֵי עֶלְיוֹן מִמֶּֽלֶךְ מַלְכֵי הַמְּ֒לָכִים הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: ג"פ

Go in peace, angels of peace, angels of the Most High from the King of kings-of-kings the Holy One, blessed is He.

כִּי מַלְאָכָיו יְצַוֶּה־לָּךְ לִשְׁמָרְךָ בְּכָל־דְּרָכֶֽיךָ: יְהֹוָה יִשְׁמָר־צֵאתְ֒ךָ וּבוֹאֶךָ. מֵעַתָּה וְעַד־עוֹלָם:

For His angels He will command in your behalf, to guard you in all your ways. Adonoy will guard your going and coming from now, forever.

מְנוּחָה וְשִׂמְחָה אוֹר לַיְּהוּדִים

Rest and joy, a light for the Jews.

יוֹם שַׁבָּתוֹן יוֹם מַחֲמַדִּים

It is a day of rest, a day of delights;

שׁוֹמְרָיו וְזוֹכְרָיו הֵֽמָּה מְעִידִים

its preservers and its recallers— they bear witness

כִּי לְשִׁשָּׁה כֹּל בְּרוּאִים וְעוֹמְדִים׃

that in six [days], all was created: and it still exists.

שְׁמֵי שָׁמַֽיִם אֶֽרֶץ וְיַמִּים

Heavens above the skies, earth, and seas,

כָּל צְבָא מָרוֹם גְבוֹהִים וְרָמִים

all the hosts of heaven high and exalted;

תַּנִּין וְאָדָם וְחַיַּת רְאֵמִים

sea monsters, and man, and mighty beasts—

כִּי בְּיָהּ יְהֹוָה צוּר עוֹלָמִים׃

for with the letters yud and hey Adonoy, created worlds.

הוּא אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר לְעַם סְגֻלָּתוֹ

He is the One Who told His treasured people—

שָׁמוֹר לְקַדְּשׁוֹ מִבֹּאוֹ וְעַד צֵאתוֹ

Be careful to sanctify it from arrival till departure—

שַׁבָּת קֹֽדֶשׁ יוֹם חֶמְדָּתוֹ

the holy Sabbath, day of His delight,

כִּי בוֹ שָׁבַת אֵל מִכָּל מְלַאכְתּוֹ׃

for on it the Almighty abstained from all His work.

בְּמִצְוַת שַׁבָּת אֵל יַחֲלִיצָךְ

Through the command of the Sabbath the Almighty will strengthen you.

קוּם קְרָא אֵלָיו יָחִישׁ לְאַמְּצָךְ

Arise, call out to Him—He will hasten to strengthen you—

נִשְׁמַת כָּל חַי וְגַם נַעֲרִיצָךְ

[Recite] “Soul of all living,” and also “We proclaim Your might.”

אֱכֹל בְּשִׂמְחָה כִּי כְבָר רָצָךְ׃

Eat with joy, for He has already accepted you favorably.

בְּמִשְׁנֶה לֶֽחֶם וְקִדּוּשׁ רַבָּה

With double loaves and a great Kiddush,

בְּרוֹב מַטְעַמִּים וְרֽוּחַ נְדִיבָה

with abundant delicacies and generous spirit,

יִזְכּוּ לְרַב טוּב הַמִּתְעַנְּגִים בָּהּ

they will merit much good—those who delight in it

בְּבִיאַת גּוֹאֵל לְחַיֵּי הָעוֹלָם הַבָּא׃

—with the coming of the Redeemer in the life in the World-to-Come.